Agricultural Research Service - ARS

Dr. Duke's
Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases

Chemicals and their Biological Activities in: Copaifera spp (Fabaceae) -- Copaiba


Chemicals

16BETA-KAURAN-19-CARBONIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

7-HYDROXYHARDWICKIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

ALLO-AROMADENDRENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

ALPHA-BERGAMOTENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

ALPHA-COPAENE Wood: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

ALPHA-CUBEBENE Gum 9,000 - 32,400 ppm DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

ALPHA-HUMULENE Plant: DUKE1992A
Antitumor JNP55:999 ; Perfumery JBH

ALPHA-MULTIJUGENOL Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

ALPHA-SELINENE Gum: DUKE1992A
Perfumery ARC

AR-CURCUMENE Gum: DUKE1992A
Antirhinoviral IC50=1,750? JNP57:658 ; Antiulcer IC45=100 mg/kg YAK112:645 ; Antiviral IC50=1,750? JNP57:658

BETA-BISABOLENE Gum: DUKE1992A
Abortifacient JE32:174 ; Antirhinoviral IC50=1,800? JNP57:658 ; Antiulcer IC57=100 mg/kg YAK112:645 ; Antiviral IC50=1,800? JNP57:658 ; Perfumery ARC

BETA-BISABOLOL Essential Oil: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

BETA-COPAENE Wood: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

BETA-CUBEBENE Gum 2,100 - 8,100 ppm DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

BETA-ELEMENE Gum 3,900 - 14,400 ppm DUKE1992A
Anticancer (Cervix) MPT

BETA-FARNESENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

BETA-HUMULENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

BETA-METACOPAIBIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

BETA-MUUROLENE Wood: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

BETA-SELINENE Gum: DUKE1992A
Perfumery ARC

CALAMENENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

CALAMESENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

CARIOAZULENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

CARYOPHYLLENE Gum 151,800 - 480,600 ppm DUKE1992A
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor PJB1(3):238 ; Antiacne PJB1(3):238 ; Antiasthmatic LAF ; Antibacterial JAF40:2329 ; Anticariogenic MIC=>1,600 ug/ml JAF41:1103 ; Antiedemic CPB38:2283 ; Antifeedant 500 ppm TOX ; Antiinflammatory IC50=100 uM CPB38:2283 ; Antispasmodic DUKE1992B ; Antistaphylococcic JAR10:7 ; Antistreptococcic PJB1(3):238 ; Antitumor JNP55:999 ; Candidicide JAR10:7 ; FLavor FEMA 20-200 ARC ; Fungicide JAR10:7 ; Insectifuge 382 ; Irritant ZEB ; Perfumery M11 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Sedative JAR10:7 ; Termitifuge 382

CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE Gum: DUKE1992A
Antiedemic CPB38:2283 ; Antifeedant ISA14:93 ; Antiinflammatory CPB38:2283 ; Antitumor JNP55:999 ; Calcium-Antagonist ED50=32 uM gpg J14432 ; Fungicide ABS ; Insecticide ISA14:93 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B

COIPAIFERIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

COPAENE Gum 45,000 - 146,700 ppm DUKE1992A
Carminative PJB1(1):172

COPAIFEROLIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

COPALIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

CYPERENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

DELTA-CADINENE Gum: DUKE1992A
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor PJB1(3):238 ; Antiacne PJB1(3):238 ; Antibacterial MIC800 ug/ml JAF41:1103 ; Anticariogenic JAF41:1103 ; Antistreptococcic PJB1(3):238 ; Cytochrome-P450-Inducer MED'95 ; P450-Inducer MED'95 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B ; Testosterone-Inducer MED'95

DELTA-ELEMENE Gum 7,200 - 24,300 ppm DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

ENANTIO-AGATHIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

EO Gum 300,000 - 900,000 ppm DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

EPERU-8(20)-EN-15,18-DIOIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

GAMMA-CADINENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

GAMMA-ELEMENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

GAMMA-HUMULENE Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

HARDWICKIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
Antibacterial JNP54:1625 ; Antiseptic JNP54:1625 ; Fungicide JNP54:1625 ; Pesticide DUKE1992B

HOMOPARACOPAIBIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

ILLURINIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

KAUR-16-EN-19-CARBONIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

MARACAIBOBALSAM Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

METHYL-11-ACETOXYLABDA-8(20)-13-DIEN-15-CARBONIC-ACID-ESTER Plant: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

PARACOPAIBIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

POLYALTHIC-ACID Gum: DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

RESIN Gum 60,000 - 540,000 ppm DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

TRANS-ALPHA-BERGAMOTENE Gum 22,200 - 91,800 ppm DUKE1992A
No activity reported.

References

382: Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
ABS: Abstract (See species file)
ARC: Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry Note: Most ARC numerical data were in mg/dl. I know of no other plant where zinc is more prevalent than other minerals and protein. These data should be viewed as suspect.
CPB38:2283: Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug "Alhucema" (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
DUKE1992A: Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.
DUKE1992B: Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of biologically active phytochemicals and their activities. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.
ISA14:93: Bettarini, F., Borgonovi, G.E., et al. 1991. Antiparasitic Compounds from East African Plants: Isolation and Biological Activity of Anonaine, Matricarianol, Canthin-6-One and Caryophyllene Oxide. Insect Sci. Applic. 14(1): 93-99, 1993.
J14432: Jim Duke's personal files
JAF40:2329: Jim Duke's personal files
JAF41:1103: Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
JAR10:7: Jim Duke's personal files
JBH: Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
JE32:174: Jim Duke's personal files
JNP54:1625: Jim Duke's personal files
JNP55:999: Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
JNP57:658: Denyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994.
LAF: Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
M11: Merck 11th Edition
MED'95: Jim Duke's personal files
MPT: Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
PJB1(1):172: Jim Duke's personal files
PJB1(3):238: Jim Duke's personal files
TOX: Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
YAK112:645: Yamahara, J., et al. Stomachic principles in ginger. II. Pungent and anti-ulcer effects of low polar constituents isolated from ginger, the dried rhizoma of... Yakugaku Zasshi 112: 645-655 (1992).
ZEB: Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.

ppm = parts per million
tr = trace

Phytochemical Database, USDA - ARS - NGRL, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Maryland
Thu May 16 18:23:59 EDT 2002

Please send questions and comments to:

James A. Duke (E-Mail: JimDuke@cpcug.org)
or
Stephen M. Beckstrom-Sternberg (E-Mail: SteveBS@nhgri.nih.gov)

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